A service that allows businesses to send messages to consumers. These messages can be notifications, alerts, one-time passwords (OTPs), and promotional messages.

A type of SMS fraud where bots generate fake traffic to inflate the number of messages sent. This can defraud both businesses and mobile network operators (MNOs).

A set of tools and protocols that allow different software applications to communicate with each other.

A cloud-based platform that enables businesses to integrate communication features such as voice, video, and messaging into their applications through APIs.

A cloud-based service that enables businesses to manage customer interactions and contact center operations without the need for on-premises infrastructure.

Unofficial or unauthorized pathways used for sending SMS messages, often to avoid higher termination fees, which can lead to revenue loss for operators.

The fee that one telecommunications operator charges another to terminate calls or messages on its network, typically varying by destination country.

A telecommunications service provider that owns and operates the infrastructure required to deliver wireless communication services.

A unique password that is valid for only one login session or transaction, commonly used for two-factor authentication (2FA).

Applications that deliver media content directly over the internet, bypassing traditional distribution channels like SMS. These apps include services for video streaming, messaging, and voice calls, such as Viber and WhatsApp.

RCS is an advanced messaging protocol designed to upgrade SMS with richer, more interactive communication experience by supporting high-resolution photo and video sharing, group chats, read receipts, typing indicators, and location sharing, similar to features found in OTT messaging apps.

Another term for Artificially Inflated Traffic (AIT), where fraudsters generate large volumes of fake SMS traffic to exploit financial incentives.

Information about potential or current attacks on a system, used to anticipate, identify, and respond to cyber threats.

A security process in which users provide two different authentication factors to verify their identity, enhancing the security of online accounts.

A telephone number without a directly associated phone line, often used to receive SMS messages or calls through a web interface.